Database management systems (DBMS)
For many organizations and businesses dealing with information technology, database management systems have become compulsory. A database is a collection of information that is organized in such a manner that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. Databases are classified according to types of content including;
- Images
- Bibliographic
- Numeric
- Full-text
Traditional databases are organized by records, fields, and files. A field is just one small piece of information; a record is one set of fields, and a file is a collection of plenty of records. The collection of programs enables one to organize, enter, and select data in a database.
To access this information from a database, one needs a database management system, better known as DBMS. A database management system is a comprehensive system software that defines, updates retrieves, manages, and manipulates data in the database. DBMS generally manipulates the data format, field names, record structure, and file structure. It also defines rules to validate and manipulate this data. It is used in a wide range in many sectors like banking, airlines, universities, human resources, manufacturing and selling, and many more.
4 Types of Database Management Systems
Hierarchical databases
In a hierarchical database structure, the storage of data is in a tree-like format. The structure mimics a parent-child relationship in the representation of data. Ordinarily, this means that children can only have one parent, whereas a parent can have many children in this model. It collects all records together as a record type. These record types are the equivalent of tables in the relational model, and with the individual records being the equivalent of rows.
Network databases
In network databases, children are called members and parents are an occupier. The model permits a child to have many parents, unlike in the hierarchical model. A large digital computer mainly uses a network database as it is more efficient.
Relational databases
This is a tabular formed database in which the relationship between data files is relational. Hierarchical and network databases require the user to pass a hierarchy in order to access the required data. For relational databases, on the other hand, each table has a key field that uniquely indicates each row. These key fields can be used to connect one table of data to another.
Object-oriented databases
It uses a structure of classes to display data within it. This structure comes from object-oriented programming languages such as C++, C, and Java. Therefore, the object-oriented database derivation is the integrity of object-oriented programming language systems and consistent systems.
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Some database management topics that our experts have successfully handled include;
- Data Definition and Data Manipulation Languages
- Relational query languages and Relational algebra
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- Object-oriented, Network, and relational data models
- Dependency preservation, lossless design
- Data models entity-relationship
- Database security
- Storage strategies Indices, hashing, and B-trees
- Transaction processing Recovery
- Query optimization algorithms
- Armstrong’s axioms
- Integrity constraints
- Data manipulation operations etc.
